Претрага

Упит dcterms_subject_txt:ratio of modified secondary and primary compression index

2950 items

  • Gate Road Support Deformation Forecasting Based on Multivariate Singular Spectrum Analysis and Fuzzy Time Series

    Luka Crnogorac, Rade Tokalić, Zoran Gligorić, Aleksandar Milutinović, Suzana Lutovac, Aleksandar Ganić (2021)
    Underground mining engineers and planners in our country are faced with extremely difficult working conditions and a continuous shortage of money. Production disruptions are frequent and can sometimes last more than a week. During this time, gate road support is additionally exposed to rock stress and the result is its progressive deformation and the loss of functionality of gate roads. In such an environment, it is necessary to develop a low-cost methodology to maintain a gate road support system. ...
    deformacije podgrade, lasersko skeniranje, višekanalna singularna spektralna analiza, prognoza, klasterisanje fuzzy vremenskih serija
    ... 15 of 20 Within the grouping step, we only have signal and noise components and we use two groups of indices, I; = {Avy,,Ay, } and Iz = {Av,,Ay, } and associate the group I; with signal component and the group I with noise. The reconstructed series of x coordinates of the marker M, composed of the ...
    ... 14, 3710 15 of 20 Within the grouping step, we only have signal and noise components and we use two groups of indices, I1 = { λV1 , λV2 } and I2 = { λV3 , λV4 } and associate the group I1 with signal component and the group I2 with noise. The reconstructed series of x coordinates of the marker M1 ...
    ... the possibilities of model and conclusions are provided in the Results and Conclusion section. Obtained results show a high level of correlation of original and reconstructed series of the support deformations. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the model is reliable and applicable for solving ...

  • Методологија интегралне анализе сценарија енергетског развоја

    Александар Маџаревић (2019)
    енергетска безбедност, сценарио развоја, фази логика, сигурност снабдевања, доступност, расположивост, природни гас
    ... org/sites/default/files/USIndexFinal2PDF.pdf US Chamber of commerce, International Index of Energy Securityм Risk, 2015Ed. Washington DC, 2015. Jewell, J., The IEA model of short-term energy security (MOSES) primary – energy sources and secondary fuels, Paris, International Energy Agency, 2011., доступно ...
    ... Jang J., Maters, H., EU standards for energy security of supply, ECN/Clingendael International Energy Program Petten, The Netherlands, European Commission, Directorate-General for Energy and Transport, 2007. Gupta E., Oil vulnerability index of oil-importing countries, Energy Policy 2008, Volume ...
    ... by ECFP7 under the theme “Energy Security of Supply”, Final Workshop, Brussels, 2011. US Chamber of commerce, Index of US Energy Security Risk, 2012, Washington DC, 2011. АЛЕКСАНДАР МАЏАРЕВИЋ 175 ЛИТЕРАТУРА Global Energy Institute, INDEX OF U.S. ENERGY SECURITY RISK, 2017, доступно ...

  • Upper Miocene depositional environments of the Kikinda-Mokrin High (Serbia)

    Saša Ivanišević, Dejan Radivojević (2018)
    Exploration for oil and gas in mature areas, such as the Pannonian Basin, can benefit from reexamination of old data using more advanced modern workflows that focus on the temporal and spatial aspects of sediment deposition. Specifically, we apply a new environment of deposition model that interprets the Upper Miocene- Pliocene sediments as being deposited in a rapidly filling basin characterized by quick shelf edge progradation from the northwest toward the southeast. Reconstruction of this shelf edge trajectory reveals ...
    naftna geologija, depozicione sredine, formacije, Panonski basen

  • Geotehnički aspekti izgradnje visećeg pešačkog mosta u Starom gradu u Užicu

    Zoran Berisavljević, Miloš Marjanović, Uroš Đurić (2023.)
    U radu su prikazani rezultati geotehničkih istraživanja za potrebe izgradnje visećeg pešačkog mosta preko klisure reke Đetinje u Užicu. Predviđeno je da most, sistema prednapregnute trake, omogući prelaz pešacima sa desne dolinske strane na stranu Starog grada, koja je opasana strmom liticom (cca. 40 m visine). Za potrebe formiranja geotehničkog modela i strukturnog sklopa krečnjačke stenske mase korišćen je postupak fotogrametrijskog snimanja dronom. Predviđeno je da se zatežuća sila (od oko 30 MN), koju most prenosi na obalni stub, ...
    fotogrametrija, stabilnost kosina, pukotine, prednapregnuta sidra, test granične nosivosti, paker (Ližonov) test
    ... S. (2006) Empirical estimation of rock mass modulus. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 43, 203-215 ttps://doi:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2005.06.005 3 Hoek, E., Carter, T.G., Diederichs, M.S. (2013) Quantification of the Geological Strength Index Chart 47th US Rock Mechanics / ...
    ... repository of The University of Belgrade Faculty of Mining and Geology archives faculty publications available in open access, as well as the employees' publications. - The Repository is available at: www.dr.rgf.bg.ac.rs • SAVEZ GRAĐEVINSKIH INŽENJERA SRBIJE - ASSOCIATION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS OF SERBIA ...
    ... GEOTEHNIČKI ASPEKTI GRAĐEVINARSTVA I ZEMLJOTRESNO INŽENJERSTVO GEOTECHNICAL ASPECTS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING •_·_ SAVEZ GRAĐEVINSKIH INŽENJERA SRBIJE - A4SSOCIATION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS OF SERBIA GEOTEI_·INIČKI ASPEKTI GRAĐEVINARSTVA I ZEMLJOTRESNO INŽENJERSTVO – Vrnjačka ...

  • Primena AHP и WoEmetode u proceni podložnosti terena na kliženje za područje opštine Krupanj

    Biljana Abolmasov, Jelka Krušić, Katarina Andrejev, Miloš Marjanović, Ranka Stanković, Uroš Đurić (2017)
    ... Landslide hazard zonation: a review of principles and practice, The UNESCO Press, Paris, 63 p., 1984. [26] Zhang G, Cai Y, Zheng Z, Zhen J, Liu Y, Huang K. Integration of the Statistical Index Method and the Analytic Hierarchy Process technique for the assessment of landslide susceptibility in Huizhou ...
    ... Landslide susceptibili- ty assessment using “weights-of-evidence”applied to study area at the Jurassic escarpment (SW Ger- many). Geomorphology 86, pp.12-24, 2007. [22] Ozdemir A, Altural T. A comparative study of frequency ratio, weights of evidence and logistic regression methods for landslide susc ...
    ... Pourghasemi HR, Pradhan B. Landslide susceptibility mapping at Golestan Pro- vince, Iran: A comparision between frequency ratio, Dempster-Shafer, and weights-of-evidence models. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 61, pp.221-236, 2012. [20] Mojsilović S, Filipović I, Rodin V, Navala M, Ba- klačić D, Đoković ...

  • Geomagnetna bura kategorije G5 u maju 2024. godine

    Magdalena Marčeva (2024)
    Zemlja poseduje magnetno polje, koje je generisano u njenom spoljašnjem jezgru. Magnetno polje Zemlje je konstantno izloženo dejstvu sunčevog magnetnog polja i zračenja koje se sa Sunca emituje. Naelektrisane čestice koje pristižu sa Sunca stupaju u interakciju sa magnetosferom, što dovodi do različitih geomagnetnih poremećaja.Geomagnetna aktivnost direktno je proporcionalna intenzitetu sunčevog zračenja koje dolazi do Zemlje. Pod uticajem sunčevog korpuskularnog zračenja dolazi do pojave geomagnetnih bura koje su praćene porastom intenziteta magnetnog polja.Količina i jačina dolaznog sunčevog zračenja zavisi ...
    magnetosfera, sunčevo zračenje, geomagnetna bura, indeksi geomagnetne aktivnosti, polarna svetlost
    ... Strasbourg. Dst index. URL: https://isgi.unistra.fr/indices_dst.php 27 Jin, S., Liu, S. & Huang, C., 2017. A comprehensive study of geomagnetic storm effects on ionospheric total electron content and its relationship with solar wind parameters. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 7 ...
    ... запослених доступним у слободном приступу. - Претрага репозиторијума доступна је на www.dr.rgf.bg.ac.rs The Digital repository of The University of Belgrade Faculty of Mining and Geology archives faculty publications available in open access, as well as the employees' publications. - The Repository is available ...
    ... Sunca, Prirodno-matematički fakultet, Niš, str. 198, 200-206, 212-221. Glover, A. & Lomas, G., 2017. Review of space weather impacts on satellite operations. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 7, A33. URL:https://www.sWSc- journal.org/articles/swsc/full_html/2017/01/swsc170014/swsc170014 ...

  • Definition of Circulation Conditions and Groundwater Genesis of the Complex Krupaja Hydrogeological Karst System (Eastern Serbia)

    Ljiljana Vasić, Saša Milanović, Tina Dašić (2023)
    Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Geography, Planning and Development, Building and Construction
    ... groundwater mean residence time and therefore indicating, secondary fractionation. Borehole B-1 reflects much of the content of atmospheric precipitation, so the values from September and December 2014 are above the LIML, which may indicate the delayed influence of the highest waters from 2014 on ...
    ... well as on previous investigations, explanations of four types of circulation within same karst system are provided. The results of measurements of stable isotopes (H, 18O, and ŠC) and radioactive isotopes of tritium and T+He and T4C, as well as hydrochemical water analyses, speleogenetic spatial ...
    ... existence of different types of water, in terms of temperature, chemical composition, and age, within the same karst system. In this research, complex investigations of the Krupaja arst system aimed to provide a large number of new results; the system was reviewed and analyzed and conclusions ...

  • Keyword Extraction from Parallel Abstracts of Scientific Publications

    Slobodan Beliga, Olivera Kitanović, Ranka Stanković, Sanda Martinčić-Ipšić (2017)
    ... calculated as the number of keywords in the intersection of a set of keywords annotated by a human and a set of keywords annotated using the algorithm divided by the number of keywords annotated by a human: R = A ∩ B A . (2) The F1 score is the harmonic mean of precision and recall, calculated as: ...
    ... Results The results of the experiments are presented in terms of R, P and the F1 score in Table 2. The left part of Table 2 presents the evaluation performance of the SBKE method according to the set of annotated keywords – provided by the author(s) of the abstracts. The right part of the table presents ...
    ... construction of the ontology for the domain of geology and mining in the Serbian language. Finally, it is worth mentioning that the different structure and syntax of the Serbian and English languages are reflected in the results. By combining (translating) Serbian and English keywords, a larger set of keywords ...

  • Geofizičko reflektivno sondiranje kao test integriteta betonskog šipa

    Jovo Jakišić (2024)
    Temelj predstavlja izuzetno bitan element svakog građevinskog objekta. Zbog toga je neophodno poštovati odgovarajuće standarde, u projektovanju i izvođenju temeljne konstrukcije.Šipovi predstavljaju jedan od načina dubokog fundiranja tj. temeljenja. Za svaki izvedeni šip pojedinačno neophodno je izvesti kontrolu kvaliteta. Postoji više postupaka kojima je mogućeizvršiti kontrolu kvaliteta, a jedan od njih je test integriteta šipa malom silom, koji je prikazan u ovom radu.Ovaj postupak se izvodi seizmometrijskom metodom, postupkom refleksije, koji je definisan međunarodnim standardom ASTM D5882.Podaci koji su prikazani ...
    temelj, šip, seizmometrijska metoda
    ... su: - C 469 Test Method for Static Modulus of Elasticity and Poisson's Ratio of Concrete in Compression - D1I98 Methods of Static Tests of Timbers in Structural Sizes - D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids - D1II143 Method of Testing Piles Under Static Axial Com- pressive ...
    ... запослених доступним у слободном приступу. - Претрага репозиторијума доступна је на www.dr.rgf.bg.ac.rs The Digital repository of The University of Belgrade Faculty of Mining and Geology archives faculty publications available in open access, as well as the employees' publications. - The Repository is available ...
    ... pressive Load - D4945 Test Method for High Strain Dynamic Testing of Piles Definicija izraza specifičnih za ovaj standard: - integritet šipova, n-kvalitativna procena fizičkih „dimezija, neprekidnost šipa i konzistencija materijala od kojeg je on napravljen. - impendasa šipa, n-dinamički Jungov ...

  • Tektonske i litostratigrafske karakteristike šireg područja Grivske (Zapadna Srbija)

    Nikola Otašević (2024)
    U ovom radu predstavljene su osnovne geološke karakteristike šireg područja Grivske. U litostratigrafskom pogledu na ovom prostoru prisutne su paleozojske, mezozojske i kenozojske sedimentne, magmatske i metamorfne stene. Tvorevine karbona su predstavljene semimeta-morfisanim tvorevinama.Tvorevine trijaske starosti su predstavljene slojevitim i masivnim krečnjacima, dok su tvorevine jure predstavljeni produktima ofiolitskog melanža. Takođe, prisutne su i tvorevine senona koje su predstavljene masivnim krečnjacima. U neogenoj sukcesiji dominiraju klastiti miocena, dok su u kvartaru zastupljeni različiti tipovi fluvijalnih, deluvijalnih i deluvijalno-proluvijalnih tvorevina. ...
    Arilje, grivska formacija, Drina-Ivanjica, tektonska evolucija

  • Determination of the groundwater-leakage mechanism (binary mixing) in a karstic dam site using thermometry and isotope approach (HPP Visegrad, Bosnia, and Herzegovina)

    Ljiljana Vasić, Saša Milanović, Anita Puskás-Preszner, Laszlo Palcsu (2020)
    Earth-Surface Processes,Geology, Pollution, Soil Science, Water Science and Technology, Environmental Chemistry, Global and Planetary Change

  • Novi model za postizanje optimalne proizvodnje na naftnom polju Amal

    Elnori Elmabrouk Ali Elhaddad (2015-04-16)
    Doktorskom disertacijom analizirani su i proučavani problemi proizvodnje nafte iprimenjene metode za njihovo rešavanje na naftnom polju Amal. Ukratko jeprikazana proizvodnje nafte u Libiji, njene karakteristike i rezerve, da bi se videoznačaj ovog naftnog polja.Utvrđeno je da su na naftnom polju Amal ključni problemi koji prate procesproizvodnje taloženje parafina, pojava slojnog peska, neefikasan rad gasliftsistema, neefikasna desalinizacija nafte i ekološki problemi. Proizvodniproblemi, pojedinačno i više njih zajedno, na nekim bušotinama uzrokovali susmanjenje proizvodnje nafte od 40 do 75%. Zbog ...
    nafta, proizvodnja, optimizacija, Amal, Libija
    ... Al-Zabbai W. (1999) Determination and Prediction of Wax Deposition from Kuwaiti Crude Oils, SPE 54006, Paper presented at the 1999 SPE Latin American and 89 Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference, Venezuela, April 21-23, 1999. EPA (2009), National Primary Drinking Water Regulations, ...
    ... Conference and Exhibition, Perth, Australia, 20–22October. RLR (2008), Ras Lanuf Refinery,Downstream Today. 94 Roberts, J.M. (1970). Geology of Giant Petroleum Fields: Amal Field, AAPG. Roopa I., Dawe R.A., Samuel T., 2005. Down hole heating: Productivity ratio improvements—dangers of misconceptions ...
    ... consists of two major parts; the first one dealing with the solution of the production problems, and the second one dealing with the determination of optimum parameters for Gas Lift Operations. The originality of the model reflects in the fact that environmental aspects of the functioning of the oil ...

  • Novi model za postizanje optimalne proizvodnje na naftnom polju Amal

    Elnori Elmabrouk Ali Elhaddad (2015-04-16)
    Doktorskom disertacijom analizirani su i proučavani problemi proizvodnje nafte iprimenjene metode za njihovo rešavanje na naftnom polju Amal. Ukratko jeprikazana proizvodnje nafte u Libiji, njene karakteristike i rezerve, da bi se videoznačaj ovog naftnog polja.Utvrđeno je da su na naftnom polju Amal ključni problemi koji prate procesproizvodnje taloženje parafina, pojava slojnog peska, neefikasan rad gasliftsistema, neefikasna desalinizacija nafte i ekološki problemi. Proizvodniproblemi, pojedinačno i više njih zajedno, na nekim bušotinama uzrokovali susmanjenje proizvodnje nafte od 40 do 75%. Zbog ...
    nafta, proizvodnja, optimizacija, Amal, Libija
    ... Al-Zabbai W. (1999) Determination and Prediction of Wax Deposition from Kuwaiti Crude Oils, SPE 54006, Paper presented at the 1999 SPE Latin American and 89 Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference, Venezuela, April 21-23, 1999. EPA (2009), National Primary Drinking Water Regulations, ...
    ... Conference and Exhibition, Perth, Australia, 20–22October. RLR (2008), Ras Lanuf Refinery,Downstream Today. 94 Roberts, J.M. (1970). Geology of Giant Petroleum Fields: Amal Field, AAPG. Roopa I., Dawe R.A., Samuel T., 2005. Down hole heating: Productivity ratio improvements—dangers of misconceptions ...
    ... consists of two major parts; the first one dealing with the solution of the production problems, and the second one dealing with the determination of optimum parameters for Gas Lift Operations. The originality of the model reflects in the fact that environmental aspects of the functioning of the oil ...

  • Building learning capacity by blending different sources of knowledge

    Ivan Obradović, Ranka Stanković, Olivera Kitanović, Dalibor Vorkapić (2016)
    ... a literal string and a sense tag, representing the sense of the literal string specific to that particular concept. The multilinguality potential of wordnets stems from the interlingual index (ILI), which establishes relations between synsets representing ...
    ... Faculty of Mining and Geology and director of the University of Belgrade Center for e-learning and distance education. He has published four books and more than 130 scientific papers related to artificial intelligence methods and tools, language resources and tools, and e-learning applications in ...
    ... to improvement and enhancement of relations between the academia and the enterprises, as well as to the integration of creative research potentials from industry and academic institutions. An additional objective of BAEKTEL project is to develop and implement guidelines and procedures for ...

  • Towards the semantic annotation of SR-ELEXIS corpus: Insights into Multiword Expressions and Named Entities

    Cvetana Krstev, Ranka Stanković, Aleksandra Marković, Teodora Mihajlov (2024)
    Овај рад представља активности на развоју корпуса ELEXIS-sr, српском додатку вишејезичном анотираном корпусу ELEXIS-а, који се састоји од семантичких анотација и репозиторија значења речи. ELEXIS је паралелни вишејезични анотирани корпус на десет европских језика, који може да се користи као вишејезички репер за евалуацију европских језика са мање и средње развијеним ресурсима. Фокус овог рада је на вишечланим изразима и именованим ентитетима, њиховом препознавању у скупу реченица ELEXIS-sr и поређењу са анотацијама на другим језицима. Разматрају се први кораци ...
    полилексемске језинице, именовани ентитет, вишезначност значења речи, складиште смисла, LLOD

  • Analiza toplotne moći i Vobeovog indeksa prirodnog gasa različitog porekla

    Lana Mitrović (2024)
    U radu su prikazane najznačajnije osobine prirodnog gasa, uključujući hemijski sastav, jednačine sagorevanja i termodinamičke karakteristike koje predstavljaju osnovu za dalje razumevanje rada. Prikazane su količine prirodnog gasa na evropskom trţištu prema zemlji porekla, kao i njihove zasebne hemijske i termodinamičke karakteristike.Kvalitet prirodnog gasa u Republici Srbiji je posebno poglavlje u radu u okviru kog je detaljnjije opisano snabdevanje Republike Srbije prirodnom gasom, kao i zahtevani kvalitet.Na kraju, obuhvatajući sve prethodno navedeno, prikazan je postupak rešavanja Studije slučaja koja ...
    prirodni gas, toplotna moć, Vobeov broj, zahtevani kvalitet prirodnog gasa, namešavanje

  • Influence of mono- and two-component organic modifiers on determination of lipophilicity of tetradentate Schiff bases

    Nikola Stevanović, Aleksandar Mijatović, Aleksandar Lolić, Mario Zlatović, Rada Baošić (2021)
    Ispitivani su uticaji primene mono- i dvokomponentnih organskih modifikatora na određivanje lipofilnosti 12 tetradentatnih Šifovih baza metodom reverzno-fazne tankoslojne hromatografije. Osnovni cilj je da se proceni tip interakcije između posmatranih jedinjenja i komponenti primenjenih hromatografskih sistema i uspostavi neki obrazac ponašanja kako bi se lakše izabrala kombinacija organskih modifikatora koji će simulirati interakciju u biološkim sistemima na osnovu činjenica da iste osnovne intermolekularne interakcije su odgovorne za ponašanje supstanci i u biološkom i u hromatografskom sistemu. Primenjeni organski modifikator ...
    Šifove baze, Lipofilnost, RP-TLC, Organski modifikatori

  • Production of morphological dictionaries of multi-word units using a multipurpose tool

    Ranka Stanković, Ivan Obradović, Cvetana Krstev, Duško Vitas (2011)
    The development of a comprehensive morphological dictionary of multi-word units for Serbian is a very demanding task, due to the complexity of Serbian morphology. Manual production of such a dictionary proved to be extremely time-consuming. In this paper we present a procedure that automatically produces dictionary lemmas for a given list of multi-word units. To accomplish this task the procedure relies on data in e-dictionaries of Serbian simple words, which are already well developed. We also offer an evaluation ...
    electronic dictionary, Serbian, morphology, inflection, multi-word units, noun phrases, query expansion
    ... production of MWU dictionary lemmas, which is also outlined in this paper. The procedure was subsequently implemented as a new functionality of LeXimir, and makes use of our comprehensive e- dictionaries of Serbian simple words. We present an evaluation of the performance of this functionality, and hence ...
    ... manipulation of several dictionaries of lemmas, both of simple words and MWUs (DELAC), distributed in any number of files. However, the possibility of manipulating dictionaries of word forms is not envisaged, as such files are produced automatically either from DELAS or DELAC by means of appropriate ...
    ... with 5 components, and 5 rules for MWUs with 6 and 7 components. Examples of two rules are given in Tables II and III. Conditions defined for each rule are of two types: conditions that specify grammatical categories of MWU components and usually apply to components that inflect, and additional conditions ...

  • Machine Learning and Deep Neural Network-Based Lemmatization and Morphosyntactic Tagging for Serbian

    Ranka Stanković, Branislava Šandrih, Cvetana Krstev, Miloš Utvić, Mihailo Škorić (2020)
    The training of new tagger models for Serbian is primarily motivated by the enhancement of the existing tagset with the grammatical category of a gender. The harmonization of resources that were manually annotated within different projects over a long period of time was an important task, enabled by the development of tools that support partial automation. The supporting tools take into account different taggers and tagsets. This paper focuses on TreeTagger and spaCy taggers, and the annotation schema alignment ...
    Part-of-Speech tagging, lemmatization, corpus, evaluation, Serbian, morphological dictionary
    ... could be formulated and used. Our aim to include gram- matical categories of comparative degree (for adjectives) and gender (for nouns, adjectives, some forms of verbs and some types of pronouns and numbers) into tagger models required an update of the training corpus and addition of re- spective category ...
    ... subsets (dubbed as SR BASIC and SR- {25,50,75,100}). The subset SR BASIC consisted of: 1984, Švejk and Floods and 5% of Intera given in Table 2). The subsets SR-{25,50,75,100} were supersets of SR BASIC, containing {25%, 50%, 75%, 100%} of Intera respectively. Each of the subsets was split into ...
    ... tagset (Erjavec, 2012), and the Universal Part-of-Speech tagset (Petrov et al., 2012), for the purpose of preparing datasets for training the TreeTagger and spaCy taggers. The main goal was to automate the process of an- notation schema harmonization and preparation of training datasets as much ...

  • An Integrated Environment for Management and Exploitation of Linguistic Resources

    Ranka Stanković, Ivan Obradović (2009)
    ... query can lead to an increase of irrelevant documents in the query result, thus reducing precision, which represents the ratio of relevant document obtained to the total number of documents obtained. In view of this trade-off between recall and precision, the words or strings that are used in a ...
    ... Integrated Environment for Management and Exploitation of Linguistic Resources Ranka Stanković Faculty of Mining and Geology University of Belgrade, Djušina 7, Belgrade, Serbia Email: ranka@rgf.bg.ac.rs Ivan Obradović Faculty of Mining and Geology University of Belgrade, Djušina 7, Belgrade, Serbia ...
    ... make some of the functions related to the develop- ment and use of linguistic resources available on the web as well. As the majority of functions preformed by WS4LR and WS4QE overlap, in this section we shall describe only some of the basic functions of WS4LR related to management and development ...