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Filip Abramović, Vesna Cvetkov, Aco Ilić, Dragana Životić

KORELACIJA MAGNETNOG SUSCEPTIBILITETA I SADRŽAJA METALA U FLOTACIJSKOM JALOVIŠTU

18. Kongres geologa Srbije "Geologija rešava probleme", Divčibare, 01-04 jun 2022.

Srpsko geološko društvo

2022

Procena metala u rudama, jalovištu i zemljištu se tradicionalno određuje hemijskim metodama kao što su Rengen fluorescentna analiza (XRF), Instrumentalna neutronska aktivaciona analiza (INAA) i Masena spektrometrija induktivno spregnute plazme (ICP-MS). Neke od pomenutih metoda su veoma zahtevne i skupe, te se nametnula potreba ka traženju jeftinijeg alata za brzu procenu prisustva pojedinih metala. Tokom poslednjih nekoliko decenija, mnoge studije su pokazale da su magnetna merenja dovoljno osetljiva da detektuju magnetni signal feromagnetnih materijala, a samim tim i metala koji idu u asocijaciji sa njima, i pri koncentracijama manjim od 1% u zemljištu, prašini itd. Korelacija između magnetne susceptibilnosti i sadržaja pojedinih metala je bila predmet mnogih publikovanih radova. Konstatovana je različita interakcija između analiziranih elemenata, prirode materijala i antropogenih procesa uključenih u emisije feromagnetnih materijala. Koliko magnetna susceptibilnost može da pruži informacije o pojedinim metalima zavisi od složenosti ovih interakcija.
Na prostoru Republike Srbije postoji više vekovna tradicija eksploatacije i prerade rude, a samim tim i napuštena i aktivna jalovišta koja mogu predstavljati dobar izvor pojedinih elemenata. Odlagani materijal podvrgnut je procesima oksidacije tokom kojih se razgrađuju postojeći i formiraju novi, stabilniji minerali u datim uslovima. Na napuštenim i aktivnim jalovištima sulfidnih Pb-Zn ruda dolazi do oksidacije pirotina, koje je praćeno razlaganjem galenita, sfalerita, arsenopirita i halkopirita, kao i obogaćenja pojedinih elemenata (Zdravković, 2020; Zdravković i sar., 2017).
Veza između magnetne susceptibilnosti i sadržaj metala u flotacijskoj jalovini sa deponija rudnika Pb-Zn "Rudnik" proučavana je prvi put. Ispitano je 16 uzoraka flotacijske jalovine sa različitih dubina. Visok magnetni afinitet u ispitivanim uzorcima imaju Fe (r=0,891), Co (r=0,875) i Bi (r=0,841), dok Cr (r=0,562) i As (r=0,572) pokazuju dobru korelaciju. Slaba korelacija uočena je sa Cu (r=0,451), dok je korelacija sa Pb i Zn izostala. Prvi rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da se magnetna merenja uspešno mogu primeniti za utvrđivanje prisustva i sadržaja značajnih metala, poput Co i Bi u flotacijskoj jalovini. Primena novih jeftinijih metoda kod detaljnih ispitivanja pojedinih jalovišta bila bi od velikog interesa za Repubiku Srbiju. Utvrđivanje sadržaja kritičnih, retkih i rasejanih metala i mogućnosti njihove valorizacije može imati višestruku korist za čitavu zajednicu.

The estimation of metal in ores, waste and soils, traditionally has been carried out by chemical methods such as X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Some of mention methods are very demanding and expensive, so it was necessary to find fast and inexpensive tool for a quick assessment of the presence of certain metals. During the last several decades, many studies showed that magnetic measurements are sufficiently sensible to detect the magnetic signal of ferromagnetic materials, and several metals associated with them with concentrations less than 1% in soils, dust etc. The correlation between magnetic susceptibility and several metal contents has been reported in many papers. Different interaction between the analyzed elements, the nature of the material and the anthropogenic processes involved in the emissions of ferromagnetic materials has been reported. How far magnetic susceptibility can provide information on individual metals depends on the complexity of these interactions.
The Republic of Serbia has a centuries-old tradition of ore exploitation and processing, and thus abandoned and active tailings that can be a good source of some elements. The deposited material has been subjected to oxidation processes during which existing ones are decomposed and new, more stable minerals are formed under the given conditions. Oxidation of pyrrhotite occurs in abandoned and active tailings of sulfide Pb-Zn ores, followed by decomposition of galena, sphalerite, arsenopyrite and chalcopyrite, as well as enrichment of certain elements (Zdravković, 2020; Zdravković et al., 2017).
Relationship between magnetic susceptibility and metal content in flotation tailings from dumps of the Pb-Zn Rudnik mine for the first time. The 16 samples from different depths were examined. High magnetic affinity in studied samples have Fe (r=0.891), Co (r=0.875) and Bi (r=0.841), while Cr (r=0.562) and As (r=0.572) show good correlation. A weak correlation was observed with Cu (r=0.451), while no correlation between Pb, Zn with magnetic susceptibility. First result of investigation showed that magnetic measurements can be successfully applied to determine the presence and content of important metals, such as Co and Bi in flotation tailings. The application of new cheaper methods in detailed examinations of individual tailings would be of great interest to the Republic of Serbia. Determining the content of critical, rare and scattered metals and the possibilities of their valorization can have multiple benefits for the whole community.

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1

ISBN-978-86-86053-23-7

Srbija

flotacijsko jalovište, makroelementi, magnetna merenja

flotation tailings, major elements, magnetic susceptibility

М60

М64

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